Examples of CRISPRai for specific E-E pairs containing E4, E6 and E7. Bins represent single (a or i), bidirectional (ai) and expected bidirectional perturbation from additive model (ai model, gray); dashed lines show observed and expected bidirectional perturbations. Data are mean s.e.m. a – e , Data from IL2 locus validation screen. c – e , n = 168–192 (three biological replicates, 7–8 gRNAs per enhancer, includes gRNAs for entire E7 region including hotspot). b , Linear regression. c , d , Box plot, median and interquartile range (IQR). Box whiskers, 1.5 IQR. c – e , Two-sided Wilcoxon test. Significance was tested relative to single perturbation of indicated enhancer ( d ) and observed bidirectional perturbation ( e ). Significance cutoffs: NS P > 0.05, * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, **** P ≤ 0.0001. exp, expected; NS, not significant; obs, observed.