Top, representative trace shows the effect of Munc13-1 on an ND5 S pore. The membrane lipid composition of the BLMs is mentioned. Closed (C) and multiple open states (O 1 /O 2 ) are indicated with the respective currents. Bottom inset, current and time axes were magnified from the trace shown above. Bottom right, current histogram of the pore; closed (C) and open (O 1 /O 2 ) states are indicated by red and blue arrows respectively.