Schematic of FOS induction by LPS stimulation (top). Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of saline or LPS. Two hours later, brains were immunostained for FOS expression. Strong bilateral FOS labelling is detected in neurons of the cNST (highlighted in yellow) in LPS-stimulated mice (bottom); n = 5 mice. Quantification of FOS-positive neurons; the equivalent area of the cNST (200 x 200 μm, Bregma -7.5 mm) was processed for each sample (right). Values are mean +/- s.e.m; Mann-Whitney U -tests, P = 0.008. Scale bars, 200 μm. AP, area postrema; DMV, dorsal motor vagal complex.