Individual ±90° rotation trials (downward red arrows indicate 90° rotation). Top, bar position zeroed at onset of rotation. Bottom, EPG phase zeroed at onset of rotation; thick lines show the mean across flies. Fourteen ±90° trials from 5 flies are shown. See Methods for trial selection criteria. Shaded area marks the 2 s period when the bar was kept stable, at a ± 90° offset, before giving the fly closed-loop control.