Tumor growth curves (upper panels) of three organoid-derived xenografts (P20C2, P74C3, and P94C2) with lenvatinib/veratramine/PKUF-01 treatment alone, or combination treatment of lenvatinib and veratramine. Tumors were imaged after the mice were sacrificed (lower panels). Data are representative of five mice each group. Error bars represent means ± SD.*, p < 0.05;***, p < 0.001; ns, not significant. However, due to a limited intragastric absorption of PKUF-01 by oral administration, there was no significant difference shown between PKUF-01 and the combined treatment (lenvatinib and veratramine) for in vivo models.
