The relative expression levels of OGs that are ceRNAs with 3’US ( n = 37, right box) are lower than those of control OGs ( n = 514, left box). Welch’s t -test, which accounts for different variances in the two groups being compared, was employed to compare means. To verify the normality assumption for the t -test, a Shapiro–Wilk normality test for small sample sizes ( n < 50) was conducted.
