We generated gradient-based saliency maps for each of the fine-tuned foundation models from use cases 1 ( a ), 2 ( b ) and 3 ( c ) using smooth guided back-propagation and visualized salient regions on two samples from corresponding test datasets. The first and fourth columns show the central axial slice (50 x 50 mm) of the volume provided as input to the model. The second and fifth columns show isolines for saliency contours overlayed on the image. Finally, the third and sixth columns show saliency maps highlighting areas of the input volume that contribute the most to a change in the output prediction.
