Averages over the open (a) and the coastal (b) ocean. Both simulations woriv and hist of the period 19002010 were extended for another 100years by constant atmospheric pCO2 of the year 2010 (hist ext and woriv ext, respectively), whereas woriv was additionaly extended for 40years by continuously increasing atmospheric pCO2 following emission scenario RCP8.5 (woriv inc). Except for atmospheric pCO2, the extended runs were driven by looped forcings of the period 19912010 (see Experiment design). The grey vertical line marks the transition to the extended runs. A negative sign indicates CO 2 flux into the ocean.
