Mathematical modeling of absorption curves (e.g., fluorescence intensity, represented by θ) and surface receptor density (σr) for different bond strengths (χ) (or affinities) for a fixed number of ligands (NL). The model shows the effect of increasing (or decreasing) bond strength (e.g., χ = 0.1; red, χ = 1.0; blue, and χ = 10; black), causing the binding curve to rigidly shift to the left (or right). This relationship can be described byEquation 1(seeSTAR Methods).