Cellular uptake of EVs by liver subpopulations (hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, endothelial cells and stellate cells) by flow cytometry shown as MFI (n 3, 6 ** P = 0.0014 and 7 ** P = 0.0033). EV 3D showed significantly higher uptake in hepatocytes, endothelial cells and stellate cells but not Kupffer cells. Data are presented as mean s.d. with two-tailed unpaired t -test ( c , d ) and one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01).
