Box plots showing the statistically significant increase of glycerol, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol, 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, and propylene glycol in PN and/or MES sEVs compared to their parental cells. The sum-normalized intensities were generalized logarithm (glog) transformed and statistically compared by unpairedttest (two-tailed). The significance was indicated as follows: *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001, ****p< 0.0001, ns: not significant. For simplicity, trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives were omitted from metabolite names indicated in Venn diagram (b), heatmap (d), and box plots (e). For full names, please refer toSupporting Information file 2.
