Functionality of the optimized 2-input/4-output binary decoder. The decoder was assembled by immobilizing modules A, B, C containing 60 g TEV, 30 g TVMV, and 40 g Casp3, respectively, above one magnet each in 550 L assay buffer. The samples were incubated for 300 min in the presence or absence of 53.6 M novobiocin or 10 mM EDTA or both and subjected to incubation at 34 C with displacer (0.087 mg mL−1) for 150 min prior to quantifying TEV, TVMV, and Casp3 activity. The bars represent the predictions of the mathematical model together with the predicted error bars, the experimental values are indicated by the black dots.