Mice were injected with pimonidazole (PMDZ) before euthanasia. PMDZ was detected using hypoxyprobe-1 primary antibody and a Cy-3 conjugated goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (red fluorescence) in colonic sections counter stained with nuclear stain (blue fluorescence). Representative images for each group 7 days after inoculation with probiotics. L, intestinal lumen. The graph shows PMDZ intensity from the lumen across the epithelial layer (distance in arbitrary units).
