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Schematic representations of the load-and-fail mechanism (a) and the differential-transmission mechanism (b). By contrast, in the models developed in our study (b), molecular clutches exhibit highly elastic properties, which is in good agreement with experiments. This leads to a loss of synchronization of the dissociation of molecular clutches under the myosin II-generated load, and as a result, the molecular-clutch system exhibits a more uniform behaviour, functioning as a differential transmission that mechanically couples the substrate and actin cytoskeleton, which are moving at different speeds.

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