Line Plot from Scientific Research

The time decay (main, blue) and spatial spread (inset) of leakage in a distance-3 surface code following the injection of |2> on the central data qubit. Each cycle takes approximately 1 us. The leakage population is measured at the end of each cycle. The expected decay of |2> from T1 relaxation on the leaked qubit alone is indicated (dashed red). The excess leakage population is defined as the subtraction of the leakage population in the absence of injection from the leakage population in the presence of injection.

DOI