We report topic loadings averaged across younger ages (age at diagnosis <60 years) and older ages (age at diagnosis >60 years). Row labels denote disease categories ordered by Phecode systems, with alternating blue and red colors for visualization purposes; 'Other' is a merge of five Phecode systems: 'congenital anomalies', 'symptoms', 'injuries and poisoning', 'other tests' and 'death' (which is treated as an additional disease; Methods ). Topics are ordered by the corresponding Phecode system. Further details on the ten topics are provided in Table 1 . Further details on the diseases discussed in the text (type 2 diabetes and breast cancer) are provided in Extended Data Fig. 2 . Numerical results are reported in Supplementary Table 4 .
