Protein Structure from Scientific Research

D Structural insights via homology modeling in SWISS-MODEL. (i) Interaction of the engineered Sc + + loop (purple) with the backbone of the target strand (TS) PAM region. The REC1 loop from wild-type SpCas9 is indicated in green. (ii) Potential interaction of residue R1331 with the non-target strand (NTS) backbone. (iii) Multiple mutations within the PAM interaction loop allow for a more flexible PAM readout. (iv) The potential van der Waals interaction of W1145 with the ribose moieties of nontarget strand residues could further stabilize the PAM interaction.

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