Line Plot from Scientific Research

In the heterogeneous mantle, the P-diffracted phase (PbdiffPcP) travels in a molten silicate mantle with slower wave speeds compared with those in a solid mantle, significantly delaying its travel time. The PbdiffPcP phase results from multiple rays diffracted at the top of the fully molten BML before and/or after core reflection, which contribute to this seismic phase. The path displayed corresponds to one of these contributions, which is the reason why it is not symmetric. However, because the seismic model is spherically symmetric, the sum of the contributions will result in a symmetric path (Supplementary Fig. 4).

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