Gel from Scientific Research

CRISPR adaptation measured by expansion of the P. atrosepticum type I-F arrays (CRISPR1, left; CRISPR2, right) after 5 days of passaging cells that contain strong (blue) or medium (orange) priming-inducing plasmids, compared with a naive control (no matching protospacer, black). Cells contained a second plasmid expressing RacrIF1 (+) from the PBAD promoter or an empty vector control (–). Data shown represent n = 3 biological replicates (for gel source data, see Supplementary Fig. 1).

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