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In the MR strain, abundant lnc19419 sequesters miR-994 by competitive sponging and weakens the ability of miR-994 to suppress CPCFC. The upregulation of CPCFC and CHS1 in the MR strain provides abundant chitin and cuticular proteins for cuticular thickening, resulting in insecticide penetration resistance. The overexpression of detoxification enzymes in the epidermis cells of the MR strain enhances insecticide resistance even further by metabolizing the smaller amount of insecticide that does cross the barrier

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