The 2-mer end motifs that showed a statistically significant difference (after adjustment for multiple comparison) between the NPC and non-NPC samples are shown in the heatmap. The end motif frequencies of these motifs for each sample are shown. The colors in the heatmap are coded according to the row-wise z-scores in terms of end motif frequencies (i.e.,Zscore equals the number of standards above or below the mean of the frequencies of that particular motif illustrated at that row). Eight end motifs (TT, AT, GT, TC, CT, TG, AA, and TA) showed higher median proportions among the NPC samples and were grouped as NPC-enriched end motifs. Two end motifs (CC and GG) yielded lower median proportions among the NPC samples and were then grouped as NPC-depleted end motifs.